LIQUID (DYE) PENETRATION TEST INTRODUCTION A liquid penetrant test is non-destructive type of testing to detect flaws that are open to the surface. e.g. cracks, seams, laps, lack of bond, porosity, cold shuts etc. can be effectively used not only in the inspection of ferrous metals but is especially useful for non-ferrous metal products and on non-porous, non-metallic materials such as ceramics, plastics and glass. PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION The principle of liquid penetrant test is that the liquids used enter small openings such as cracks or porosities by capillary action. They are influenced by factors such as the condition of the surface of material and the interior of the discontinuity. For liquid to penetrate effectively, the surface of the material must be thoroughly cleaned of all material that would obstruct the entrance of the liquid into the defect. After cleaning, the liquid penetrant is applied evenly over the surface and allowed to remain long enough to permit penetration i...